Evaluation of the survival and complications observed in 151 maxgraft® blocks and 70 autogenous bone blocks in a cohort of 164 patients.
Risk Factors for Complications Following Staged Alveolar Ridge Augmentation and Dental Implantation: A Retrospective Evaluation of 151 Cases with Allogeneic and 70 Cases with Autogenous Bone Blocks. J Clin Med. 2022;12(1):6. Published 2022 Dec 20.
Kloss FR, Kämmerer PW, Kloss-Brandstätter A.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36614811/

This retrospective study of patient charts evaluated the survival and complications observed in 151 maxgraft® blocks and 70 autogenous bone blocks that were used for alveolar ridge augmentation prior to dental implantation in a cohort of 164 consecutive patients treated by the same surgeon over a period of 6 years.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify potential risk factors favoring complications by assessing the number and types of complications associated with allogeneic (maxgraft® blocks) or autogenous bone blocks applied as onlay grafts for alveolar ridge augmentation prior to implantation.

Methods: A retrospective chart review on the success of 151 allogeneic (maxgraft® blocks) and 70 autogenous bone blocks in a cohort of 164 consecutive patients, who were treated over a period of 6 years by the same surgeon, was conducted. Statistical conclusions were based on ROC curves and multiple logistic regression models.

Results: Complications were observed more frequently with autogenous bone blocks (14 out of 70 cases; 20%) compared to maxgraft® blocks (12 out of 151 cases; 7.9%; p = 0.013). However, these complications were minor and did not impact the successful dental rehabilitation. In a multiple logistic regression model, the risk of a complication was increased by the use of an autogenous bone block (OR = 3.2; p = 0.027), smoking (OR = 4.8; p = 0.007), vertical augmentation above a threshold of 2.55 mm (OR = 5.0; p = 0.002), and over-contouring (OR = 15.3; p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Overall, the complication rate of ridge augmentations carried out with autogenous or allogeneic bone blocks was low. Despite previous recommendations, over-contouring and a vertical augmentation above a threshold of 2.55 mm should be avoided.